In shortR22 was for decades the most common refrigerant in split and packaged air conditioners, chillers and commercial refrigeration. As an ozone-depleting HCFC it has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol and is not used in new equipment.
R22 properties
| Code | R22 |
|---|---|
| Chemical name / composition | Chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF₂) |
| Family | HCFC |
| GWP (AR4, 100 years) | 1,810 |
| ODP | 0.055 |
| Safety class (ISO 817 / ASHRAE 34) | A1: lower toxicity, non-flammable |
| Boiling point (1 atm) | −40.8 °C |
| Temperature glide | None (pure fluid) |
| Charge equal to 5 t CO₂e | 2.76 kg |
| Status | Banned / legacy |
Where is R22 used?
- Old split and ducted air conditioners
- Old packaged and rooftop units
- Old air- and water-cooled chillers
- Cold rooms and commercial refrigeration
Service and safety notes
- Non-flammable and low toxicity (A1). A large leak in a closed room can still displace oxygen, so gas detection is recommended in small plant rooms.
- Never charge a system with a refrigerant other than the one on its nameplate; retrofits need manufacturer approval and oil and component checks.
- Charging, recovery and leak checks must be done and recorded by F-gas certified technicians.
R22 and regulations
Ozone-depleting HCFCs have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Not used in new equipment and availability for service is very limited; retrofit or replacement should be considered for leaking or failed units.
Alternatives to R22
- R407C: HFC blend, GWP 1,774, A1
- R417A: HFC blend, GWP 2,346, A1
- R422D: HFC blend, GWP 2,729, A1
- R410A: HFC blend, GWP 2,088, A1
- R32: HFC, GWP 675, A2L
Compare all refrigerants in our refrigerant guide.
Other refrigerants
R12R502R123R134aR404AR407CR407FR410AR417AR422DR507AR32R448AR449AR452AR454BR454CR513AR1234yfR1234zeR1233zdR514AR290R600aR1270R744R717
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Frequently asked questions
What is the GWP of R22?
The 100-year global warming potential (AR4) of R22 is about 1,810.
Is R22 flammable?
A1: lower toxicity, non-flammable.
What can replace R22?
Depending on the application: R407C, R417A, R422D, R410A, R32. Conversions require manufacturer approval and oil and component checks.