In shortR123 is a low-pressure HCFC, liquid at room temperature, used mainly in large centrifugal chillers. As an HCFC it is being phased out and replaced by R1233zd and R514A.
R123 properties
| Code | R123 |
|---|---|
| Chemical name / composition | Dichlorotrifluoroethane (CHCl₂CF₃) |
| Family | HCFC |
| GWP (AR4, 100 years) | 77 |
| ODP | 0.02 |
| Safety class (ISO 817 / ASHRAE 34) | B1: higher toxicity, non-flammable |
| Boiling point (1 atm) | 27.8 °C |
| Temperature glide | None (pure fluid) |
| Charge equal to 5 t CO₂e | 64.9 kg |
| Status | Banned / legacy |
Where is R123 used?
- Low-pressure centrifugal chillers
- Large commercial buildings and hospitals
Service and safety notes
- Non-flammable but higher toxicity (B). Plant rooms need gas detection, mechanical ventilation and personal protective equipment.
- Never charge a system with a refrigerant other than the one on its nameplate; retrofits need manufacturer approval and oil and component checks.
- Charging, recovery and leak checks must be done and recorded by F-gas certified technicians.
R123 and regulations
Ozone-depleting HCFCs have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Not used in new equipment and availability for service is very limited; retrofit or replacement should be considered for leaking or failed units.
Alternatives to R123
Compare all refrigerants in our refrigerant guide.
Other refrigerants
R12R502R22R134aR404AR407CR407FR410AR417AR422DR507AR32R448AR449AR452AR454BR454CR513AR1234yfR1234zeR1233zdR514AR290R600aR1270R744R717
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Frequently asked questions
What is the GWP of R123?
The 100-year global warming potential (AR4) of R123 is about 77.
Is R123 flammable?
B1: higher toxicity, non-flammable.
What can replace R123?
Depending on the application: R1233zd, R514A. Conversions require manufacturer approval and oil and component checks.